According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, according to the general calculation of other markets, the import value of raw materials of the whole industry in the first 11 months of 2021 has reached 4.183 billion USD, up 140.5%, while exports control in this period only reached 3.445 billion USD, an increase of 18.5% over the same period in 2020. This also means the trade deficit for the first time with a deficit of more than 738 million USD, when the previous years all decreased by more than 1 billion USD/year.

Recognizing the incident with the increasing amount of data imported from Cambodia, the Vietnam Executive Association (Vinacas) stocked up on statistics. Raw materials import enterprises for export processing but the result of re-import is a huge gap or the enterprise exists.

Cambodia is one of the sources of raw materials for Vietnam, but the import volume has never before exceeded 300,000 tons/year. At the end of 2017, Vinacas announced a plan to cooperate with Cambodia's Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries to build a raw material area with the goal of bringing output to 1 million tons of raw cashew nuts by 2025. Based on the statistics of 2021, This plan has "finished" too unexpectedly.

The question raised by the public is whether the African thing has cheated the origin into the Cambodian thing to evade taxes. However, according to the analysis of experts, businesses will not benefit if they bring African cashews around Cambodia because the transportation costs are very high. Meanwhile, because most of the imported raw cashew nuts are processed for export, both Cambodian and African sources do not have to pay tax. In fact, over the past time, raw cashew imports from Ivory Coast have also increased by over 36% over the same period in 2020 in volume.

From the trade deficit story, it shows that Vietnam's cashew industry is having a big contradiction that needs to be resolved: the processing stage is developing strongly, the global market is open, and Vietnam's cashew nuts have good quality to the top of the world. world but only meet a very small part for processing.

This contradiction is explained by the fact that the cashew nut processing industry develops too quickly with a processing capacity of 2-3 million tons/year, while the domestic supply is less than 20%, so every year Vietnam needs to import about 1.4 million tons of raw cashew.

Recently, the cashew acreage has shrunk, many large raw material areas are no longer available because of the competition of other crops with higher economic efficiency. For example, 1 hectare of cashew plantations yields an average of about 2 tons/year, even though selling at the best price of 35,000 VND/kg, farmers can only earn 70 million VND, while growing fruit trees can earn hundreds of thousands of dollars in revenue. million dong.

Therefore, cashew trees only remain in arid areas, unable to cultivate other crops in Binh Phuoc, Dak Nong, Binh Thuan, and Dak Lak.

It is forecasted that the output of cashew exports will remain stable in the following years. To meet the needs of cashew processing in the country, we need to build a raw cashew area in the direction of sustainable development, not when needed, we encourage and ask people to grow, when it is difficult to consume, abandon them. .

A good news is that the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development is working with Vinacas to implement a program of improvement similar to the farming process to improve the capacity and quality of the trees. Binh Phuoc province - the "capital" of Vietnam is implementing a development plan towards large production. Manufacturing enterprises are also supporting the construction of their own raw material areas, investing in high quality, especially in facilities. With the co-operation of the enterprise, effective cultivation, people will tend to switch to farming, firmly forming the highlands.

Hoang Lam